Researchers did not study the likelihood of extinction.
It is lower when there are a lot of cannibals.
Cannibals were not an indicator of extinction.
It is higher when there are a lot of cannibals.
Insects and Plants
Rocks and Sand
Fish and Frogs
Aquatic crustaceans and insects
Has larger teeth
Has a wider head and larger teeth
Has a wider head
Eats other salamanders
By taste
By touch
By smell
By sight
High incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
Low incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
There are no disadvantages
Medium incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
don't have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
have distinctive physical traits associated with their behavior.
have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
have special teeth associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
All ponds
All mountain meadow ponds
Mountain meadow ponds between 2,600 and 5,000 feet
Mountain meadow ponds between 5,000 and 9,600 feet