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the appearance of an individual that results from the interaction between their genetic makeup and the environment. Phenotypic trait... more

Mutations Matter

Christopher Albin-Brooks
Mutations can change how genes work and produce big changes in our bodies. Kerry Geiler-Samerotte is tracking how mutations affect cells at the microscopic level.

With their tails wagging and noses sniffing, can dogs tell what we can't with our eyes? These scientist wanted to find out the answer.

A close-up of the top of a golden retriever dog's nose Stephanie Outlaw

Scientists are finding out that even though dogs look very different on the outside, what causes them to look that way is much similar than we thought.

Doggie Diversity Emilio Galan

Punnett Squares

Punnett squares are a useful tool for predicting what the offspring will look like when mating plants or animals. Reginald Crundall Punnett, a mathematician, came up with these in 1905, long after Mendel's experiments. Let's take a look at how Punnet squares work using the yellow and green peas example from Mendel’s garden experiments.

Mendel's Pea Garden

When looking for something to experiment with, Mendel turned to what was already available in his own backyard: the common pea plant.

The pea plant was perfect for Mendel's experiments for a number of reasons. First, pea plants were easy to grow and could be grown quickly in large numbers.

**Some of the content on this page is out of date, please pardon us while we update it for accuracy.**

Below is a list of phenotypes easily identified in humans that follow the pattern of Mendelian inheritance. Look at yourself in the mirror to see if you carry the dominant or recessive alleles for these traits.

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