Aquatic crustaceans and insects
Fish and Frogs
Insects and Plants
Rocks and Sand
Eats other salamanders
Has a wider head
Has larger teeth
Has a wider head and larger teeth
Mountain meadow ponds between 2,600 and 5,000 feet
Mountain meadow ponds between 5,000 and 9,600 feet
All ponds
All mountain meadow ponds
don't have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
have distinctive physical traits associated with their behavior.
have special teeth associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
There are no disadvantages
Low incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
Medium incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
High incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
By touch
By smell
By taste
By sight
Researchers did not study the likelihood of extinction.
Cannibals were not an indicator of extinction.
It is higher when there are a lot of cannibals.
It is lower when there are a lot of cannibals.