By touch
By sight
By smell
By taste
There are no disadvantages
High incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
Medium incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
Low incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
It is lower when there are a lot of cannibals.
Cannibals were not an indicator of extinction.
Researchers did not study the likelihood of extinction.
It is higher when there are a lot of cannibals.
Rocks and Sand
Insects and Plants
Fish and Frogs
Aquatic crustaceans and insects
Mountain meadow ponds between 2,600 and 5,000 feet
Mountain meadow ponds between 5,000 and 9,600 feet
All ponds
All mountain meadow ponds
Has a wider head
Has larger teeth
Has a wider head and larger teeth
Eats other salamanders
have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
have special teeth associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
have distinctive physical traits associated with their behavior.
don't have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.