All mountain meadow ponds
All ponds
Mountain meadow ponds between 2,600 and 5,000 feet
Mountain meadow ponds between 5,000 and 9,600 feet
Has a wider head
Eats other salamanders
Has a wider head and larger teeth
Has larger teeth
have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
have distinctive physical traits associated with their behavior.
have special teeth associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
don't have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.
Aquatic crustaceans and insects
Rocks and Sand
Insects and Plants
Fish and Frogs
Low incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
Medium incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
There are no disadvantages
High incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection
By smell
By sight
By touch
By taste
It is lower when there are a lot of cannibals.
It is higher when there are a lot of cannibals.
Researchers did not study the likelihood of extinction.
Cannibals were not an indicator of extinction.